The primary objectives of this proof-of-concept project are to generate colloidal scale versions of a novel ionomer material for in situ sequestration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and precursors in groundwater and evaluate the distribution and retention of the colloidal ionomer in porous media. This project will provide proof-of-concept data to support the in situ application of this novel ionomer for sequestering and immobilizing PFAS in groundwater, as well as determining the feasibility of in situ regeneration. 

The project objectives will be achieved through a series of technical tasks to provide data in support of the use of the novel ionomer as a reusable sorbent for in situ PFAS sequestration, with subsequent PFAS destruction after ionomer regeneration, resulting in demonstration of a complete PFAS treatment train. The technical tasks to address key questions are as follows: 

• Task 1 - PFAS and precursor sorption by novel ionomer - Can the ionomer be effectively downsized to colloidal particulates suitable for in situ use, and how well does the ionomer remove diverse PFAS and perfluoroalkyl acid precursors relative to other injectable sorbents, e.g., colloidal activated carbon?
• Task 2 - Ionomer distribution in porous media - Can the ionomer be effectively distributed and retained in porous media? 

The key benefit of this project will be to provide an in situ ionomer sorbent technology that effectively sequesters PFAS and allows for it to be recovered and the ionomer sorbent to be regenerated with an all-aqueous desorbing solution. The ionomer sorbent regeneration is achieved without the use of organic solvents, thereby mitigating any costs or instillation resource concerns. This will result in both control of the downstream migration of PFAS as well as removal of PFAS mass from the plume. Successful completion of this research will ultimately lead to more cost-effective PFAS management, directly benefiting the warfighter and installation communities. (Anticipated Project Completion - 2027)